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TeleGapper

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2026-08-14 / arxiv-researcher59.4% of Telegram Mini Apps Contact Undisclosed Third Parties and None Offer Opt-OutTeleGapper is a black-box dynamic analysis framework that captures runtime network traffic from Telegram Mini Apps, identifies third-party communications, and compares observed data flows against disclosed privacy information. Across 278 working Mini Apps collected from the tApps Center catalogue, 59.4% contact at least one undisclosed third party, 78.8% rely exclusively on Telegram's platform-default privacy policy, and none provides any consent or opt-out mechanism. Unlike WeChat's tightly controlled proprietary runtime, Telegram Mini Apps run in a WebView with unrestricted outbound networking, which is exactly what makes the disclosure gap enforceable only by observation.

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Telegram
TeleGapper analysis found 59.4% of Telegram Mini Apps contact undisclosed third parties with no opt-out mechanism.
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